15
Π€Ρ Π‘ΡΠ½Ρ, III Π²., ΡΠΈΡ. no: Seagrave, 29.
16
Denise Chong, The Concubines Children (Toronto: Viking, 1994), 8.
17
B ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ 1923 Π³. ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΌΡΠΈ-ΠΆΠ°ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π½Π΅Π½, Π½ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎ.
18
ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π° ΠΎ ΠΡΠΉ-ΠΠΈΠ½: Denise Chong, The Concubineβs Children.
19
ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ: Liza Crihfield Dalby, Β«Courtesans and Geisha: The Real Women of the Pleasure QuarterΒ» Π² Women of the Pleasure Quarter: Japanese Paintings and Prints of the Floating World, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅Π΄. Elizabeth de Sabato Swinton (New York: Hudson Hills Press, 1995); Liza Crihfield Dalby, Ceisha (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998); Liza Dalby, Β«Tempest in a TeahouseΒ», Far Eastern Economic Review, 27 July 1989, 36-37; Sheldon Garon, Molding Japanese Minds: The State in Everyday Life (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992); Joy Henry, Understanding Japanese Society (New York: Routledge, 1987); Laura Jackson, Β«Bar HostessΒ», Π² Women in Changing Japan, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅Π΄. Joyce Lebra, Loy Paulson ΠΈ Elizabeth Powers (Boulder: Westview Press, 1976); Sumico Iwano, The Japanese Woman: Traditional Image and Changing Reality (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1993); Yamakawa Kikue, Women of the Mito Domain: Recollections of Samurai Family Life (Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1992); Takie Sugiyama Lebra, Above the Clouds: Status Culture of the Modern Japanese Nobility (Berkeley: University of California Press: 1993); Lisa Louis, Butterflies of the Night: Mama-Sans, Ceisha, Strippers, and the Japanese Men They Serve (New York: Tengu Books, 1992); Lady Nijo, nep. Wilfrid Whitehouse ΠΈ Eizo Yanagisawa, Lady Nijoβs Own Story (Rutland: Charles E. Tuttle Company, 1974); Bill Powell, Β«The End of the Affair?Β», Newsweek, July 10, 1989, 22-23; Albrecht Rothacher, The Japanese Power Elite (New York: St. Martinβs Press, 1993); Sharon L. Sievres, Flowers in Salt: The Beginning of Feminist Consciousness in Modern Japan (Palo Alto: Stanford University Press, 1983); Women of the Pleasure Quarter: Japanese Paintings and Prints of the Floating World, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅Π΄. Elizabeth de Sabato Swinton (New York: Hudson Hills Press, 1995). Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΡΡΡΡΠ° ΠΠΎΠ»Π΄Π΅Π½Π° Β«ΠΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π³Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΒ» (Toronto: Vintage Canada, 1999) - ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΊΠΎ ΠΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΉ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π³Π΅ΠΉΡ 1960-1970-Ρ Π³Π³., ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»Π° Π½Π° Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΡΡΠ΄. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΄Π΅Π½ Ρ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π», ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΠΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΊΠΎ, Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ°Π» ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ. ΠΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π½Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π΅Π΅ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΠΎΠ»Π΄Π΅Π½ ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π²ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π».
20
ΠΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ. Π XIV Π². Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π»Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠΈ.
21
Benedict, 504.
22
ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π° ΠΎ Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΠΈΠ΄Π·Ρ: The Confessions of Lady Nijo, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅Π΄. Karen Brazell (London: Arrow Books Ltd., 1975).
23
ΠΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π° Π² ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π΅ Β«Π Π΅ΠΉΡΠ°Β» ΠΠ°ΠΉΠ·Π° ΠΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ»Π΄ ΠΡΠ»Π±ΠΈ, Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΊΠ°, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈ.
24
ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ: Andre Clot, Suleiman the Magnifcent: The Man, His Life, His Epoch (London: Al Saqi Books, 1989); Carla Coco, The Secrets of the Harem (New York: The Vendome Press, 1997); Zeynper M. Durukan, The Harem of The Topkapi Palace (Istanbul: Hilal Matbaacilik Koll, 1973); Jason Goodwin, Lords of the Horizons: A History of the Ottoman Empire (London: Chatto & Windus, 1998); Roger Bigelow Merriman, Suleiman the Magnifcent (New York: Cooper Square Publishers, 1966); Barnette Miller, Beyond the Sublime Portal: The Grand Seraglio of Stambul (NewYork: AMS Press, 1931); N. M. Penzer, The Harem: An Account of the Institution as It Existed in the Palace of the Turkish Sultans with a History of Grand Seraglio from Its Foundation to Modern Times (London: Spring Books, 1936); Yasar Yusel and M. Mehdi llhan, Sultan Suleiman: The Grand Turk (Ankara: Turk Tarih Kurumu Basimevi, 1991).
25
Miller, 87.
26
Π§Π΅ΡΠ΅Π· Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΠ±ΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠΌΠ° Ρ Π₯Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠΎΠΉ - ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π‘ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉΠΌΠ°Π½Π°.
27
ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ: Princess Der Ling, Two years in the Forbidden City (New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1929); Charlotte Haldane, The Last Great Empress of China (London: Constable, 1965); Sterling Seagrave with Peggy Seagrave, Dragon Lady: The Life and Legend of the Last Empress of China (New York: Alfred A. Knopf 1992); Marina Warner, The Dragon Empress: Life & Times of Tzβu-hsi 1835-1908 Empress Dowager of China (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1984 [ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ»ΠΎ Π² 1972 Π³.]). Π Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π‘ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ²Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈ, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ².
28
Warner, 7.
29
Der Ling, 251.
30
Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 252.
31
Seagrave, 92.
32
Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 126.
33
Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 134.
34
Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 140.
35
Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 146.
36
Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 159.
37
Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 175.
38
King James I, Works, Chapter 20. Π¦ΠΈΡ. ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ° http://www.Norton.com/college/history/Ralph/workbook/ralprs20.htm
39
ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΎ ΠΠ΅Π»Π» ΠΠ²ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ: Clifford ΠΠ°Ρ , Pretty, Witty Nell: An Account of Nell Gwyn and her Environment (New York: Benjamin Blom, Inc., 1969); Nigel Cawthorne, The Sex Lives of the Kings And Queens of England (London: Prion, 1994); Arthur I. Dasent, The Private Life of Charles the Second (London: Cassel & Company, Ltd., 1927); Christopher Falkus, The Life and Times of Charles II (London: Weidenfild & Nicolson, 1979); Alan Hardy, The Kingβs Mistress (London: Evans Brothers, 1980); Jane Hoare, Β«The Death of Nell GwynneΒ», History Today 1977, 27 no. 6, 396-399; Ronald Hutton, Charles the Second: King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989); H. M. Imbert-Terry, A Misjudged Monarch (London: William Heinemann, 1917); Roy MacGregor-Hastie, Nell Cwyn (London: Robert Hale, 1987); Tony Palmer, Charles II: Portrait of an Age (London: Cassell Ltd., 1979).
40
Palmer, 75.
41
Π¦ΠΈΡ. no: Michael Kesterton, Β«Life Studies: The Strumpet Who Stole a Kingβs HeartΒ», Globe and Mail, Nov. 18, 2000.
42
Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅.
43
B ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΠ» ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΠ΅Π»Π» Π³ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ» Π±ΡΠ» ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½.
44
ΠΠ°Ρ , 161-162.
45
Palmer, 2.
46
ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΎ ΠΠ°Π½ Π½Π΅-ΠΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π΄ΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ: Jeremy Black, Β«Fit for a KingΒ», History Today, 37 (April 1987), 3; Susan Conner, Β«Sexual Politics and Citizenship: Women in Eighteen-Century FranceΒ», Western Society for French History, 10 (1982), 264-273; Lucienne Ercole, Gay Court Life: France in the Eighteenth Century nep. Gleb Struve and Hamish Miles (London: Hutchison & Co., 1932); Mme du Hausset, Memoirs of Marguerite de Valois Queen of France, Wife of Henry IV of Madame de Pompadour of the Court of Louis XV and of Catherine de Medici Queen of France, Wife of Henri II (New York: P.F. Colloer & Son, 1914); Thomas E. Kaiser, Β«Madame de Pompadour and the Theaters of PowerΒ», French Historical Studies, 19, no. 4 (1996), 1025-1044; Jaques Levron, Pompadour, nep. Claire Eliane Engel (London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd., 1963); J.J. Mangan, The Kingβs Favour (New York: St. Martinβs Press, 1991). ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ maLtresse Π΅ΠΏ titre - Β«ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΡΠ°Β» - ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ: Oliver Bernier, Louis XIV: A Royal Life (New York: Doubleday, 1987); Vincent Cronin, and Times of Madame Du Barry (London: Leonard Smithers, 1881); James L. Ford, The Story of Du Barry (New York: Frederick A. Stokes Co., 1902); Ragnhild Hatton, Louis XIV and his World (London: Thams and Hudson, 1972); W.H. Lewis, The Splendid Century: Some Aspects of French Life in the Reign of Louis XIV (London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1953); Louis XIV, MEimoires for the Instruction of the Dauphin, nep. Paul Sonnino (New York and London: The Free Press and Collier-Macmillan Ltd., 1970.