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Здесь и далее автор использует английское слово Jew, которое не предполагает характерного для русского языка разграничения между «еврей» и «иудей». – Прим. пер.

Nahum Goldmann, Memories (London, 1970), 6.

American Jewish Year Book 2007, с. 551. Вся статистика, которую мы приводим, взята из этой книги.

В строгом смысле слова, понятие «сефарды» относится лишь к евреям, предки которых происходят из Испании и Португалии, однако в Израиле так называют всех евреев, которые не ашкеназы.

В. Lazerwitz et el., «A Study of Jewish Denominational Preferences: Summary Findings,» inAmerican Jewish Year Book 1997.

Cm. Gerald Tulchinsky, Taking Root. The Origins of the Canadian Jewish Community (Toronto, 1992).

См. тексты Декларации, закона о возвращении и других ключевых документов в Philip S. Alexander, ed., Textual Sources for the Study of Judaism (Chicago, 1990), 164сл.

Этот указ касался ашкеназов. Сефарды на юго-западе требовали отдельного рассмотрения и получили равные гражданские права указом от 28 января 1790 года.

«Почти две тысячи лет минули с того злого часа, когда после героической борьбы слава Храма нашего исчезла в огне, и наши цари и вожди сменили свои короны и венцы на цепи плена». Манифест «Билу», 1882 год. См. P. R. Mendes-Flohr & J. Reinharz, The Jew in the Modern World: A Documentary History 2nd ed. (New York / Oxford, 1995), 532.

На иврите эта молитва начинается со слов: «мифней хатаэйну». Они стали одной из ключевых фраз в «богословии после Холокоста» как символ идеи, что Холокост, как и гибель Храма, были наказанием за грехи народа.

Апокалипсис Ездры (также называется 2 Книгой Ездры или 4 Книгой Ездры) 3:14-19; см. перевод Николаса де Ланжа в: Apocrypha: Jewish Literature of the Hellenistic Age (New York, 1978), 135. Этот текст, который содержат некоторые христианские издания Библии, исчез из иудейской традиции. Однако он хорошо показывает, что чувствовали евреи после разрушения Храма. [Цит. по Синодальному переводу. – Прим. пер.]

См. Иосиф Флавий, Иудейские древности 1.235.

Здесь и далее Библия цитируется по Синодальному переводу. В некоторых случаях перевод откорректирован в соответствии с пониманием текста Н. де Ланжем. – Прим. пер.