{24}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅.
{25}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅.
{26}. Miliband and Saville (eds.), The Socialist Register, 183, 184, 187.
{27}. Vera Buchanan-Gould, Not Without Honor: The Life and Writings of Olive Schreiner, 221.
{28}. Tsuzuki, Eleanor Marx, 123, 124.
{29}. Edward Aveling and Eleanor Marx Aveling, The Woman Question, 6, 8, 13, 16.
{30}. Eleanor Marx Aveling to George Bernard Shaw, June 2, 1885, London, British Library, GBS Papers; Tsuzuki, Eleanor Marx, 165.
{31}. Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, trans. Eleanor Marx-Aveling, xx.
{32}. Williamson, Bismarck and Germany, 58, 61.
{33}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 46.
{34}. Clayton, Rise and Decline of Socialism, 26; MECW, Volume 47, 366.
{35}. OβNeill, Good Old Days, 156; Wilson, Victorians, 508.
{36}. Clayton, Rise and Decline of Socialism, 27.
{37}. MECW, Volume 47, 404, 408.
{38}. Clayton, Rise and Decline of Socialism, 27.
{39}. MECW, Volume 47, 413.
{40}. Derfler, Flowering of French Socialism, 48.
{41}. MECW, Volume 47, 413.
{42}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 428.
{43}. Gildea, Third Republic, 35
{44}. MECW, Volume 47, 441, 452, 470.
{45}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 436.
{46}. Meier, Perrot, and Trebitsch (eds.), Daughters, 193, 194.
{47}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 194.
{48}. Tsuzuki, Eleanor Marx, 135.
{49}. Chicago Tribune, Nov. 6, 1886, 9.
{50}. Meier, Perrot, and Trebitsch (eds.), Daughters, 194.
{51}. Tsuzuki, Eleanor Marx, 136.
{52}. Edward Aveling and Eleanor Marx Aveling, The Working Class Movement in America, 8.
{53}. Chicago Tribune, Nov. 6, 1886, 1.
{54}. Kapp, Eleanor Marx, Volume II, 158.
{55}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 153.
{56}. MECW, Volume 47, 525.
{57}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 530, 532, 628(n); Tsuzuki, Eleanor Marx, 140.
{58}. MECW, Volume 47, 494 and Volume 48, 3.
{59}. New York Herald, Jan. 8, 1887, 5.
{60}. Evening Standard, London, Jan. 13, 1887, 4.
{61}. New York Herald, Jan. 14, 1887, 5.
{62}. Evening Standard, London, Jan. 13, 1887, 4.
{63}. Warren Sylvester Smith, London Heretics, 79.
{64}. Tsuzuki, Eleanor Marx, 117.
{65}. MECW, Volume 26, 617; New York Herald, Jan. 14, 1887, 5.
{66}. MECW, Volume 48, 16, 17.
{67}. Bax, Reminiscences, 52, 55.
{68}. George Bernard Shaw, The Doctorβs Dilemma.
{69}. Tsuzuki, Eleanor Marx, 165.
47. ΠΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ½, 1887{1}. Tsuzuki, Eleanor Marx, 168.
{2}. Derfler, Flowering of French Socialism, 69.
{3}. Π ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ 1875 Π³., Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π·Π°Ρ Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΄ΡΠΆΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π². Davies, Europe, A History, 848.
{4}. Hobsbawm, Age of Capital, 354, 355.
{5}. Derfler, Flowering of French Socialism, 70.
{6}. MECW, Volume 47, 413.
{7}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 5.
{8}. Mace, Paul et Laura Lafargue, 90.
{9}. FE-PL, Volume II, 19.
{10}. Π€ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π², Β«ΠΠ»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ Π±Π΅Π· Π±ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Β» 972.
{11}. Π ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°Π²Π΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π€ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΄ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Β«ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ, ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊ, ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ½Β». Kapp, Eleanor Marx, Volume I, 294.
{12}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, Volume II, 437.
{13}. FE-PL, Volume II, 40.
{14}. MECW, Volume 48, 542(n).
{15}. FE-PL, Volume II, 34, 36.
{16}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 28.
{17}. Tsuzuki, Eleanor Marx, 79, 115; Morris, William Morris, 226.
{18}. MECW, Volume 48, 73, 74, 83, 105.
{19}. Bernstein, My Years of Exile, 202.
{20}. MECW, Volume 48, 91.
{21}. Ellis, Β«Havelock Ellis on Eleanor MarxΒ», Adelphi, London, Sept./Oct. 1935.
{22}. Tsuzuki, Eleanor Marx, 168.
{23}. To-Day, London, June 1887, No. 43.
{24}. Ellis, Β«Havelock Ellis on Eleanor MarxΒ», Adelphi, London, Sept./Oct. 1935.
{25}. Meier, Perrot, and Trebitsch (eds.), Daughters, 197, 198.
{26}. Wilson, Victorians, 508.
{27}. MECW, Volume 48, 57.
{28}. Wilson, Victorians, 508.
{29}. MECW, Volume 48, 79, 536, 537(n).
{30}. Wilson, Victorians, 509.
{31}. Pall Mall Gazette, London, Nov. 14, 1887, 1.
{32}. MECW, Volume 48, 113.
{33}. Pall Mall Gazette, London, Nov. 14, 1887, 5.
{34}. Morris, William Morris, 263.
{35}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 252.
{36}. MECW, Volume 48, 113.
{37}. Wilson, Victorians, 510; Warren Sylvester Smith, London Heretics, 22.
{38}. Tsuzuki, Eleanor Marx, 155.
{39}. Meier, Perrot, and Trebitsch (eds.), Daughters, 202.
{40}. MECW, Volume 48, 119.
{41}. Tsuzuki, Eleanor Marx, 169, 170.
{42}. Eleanor Marx Aveling to Laura Lafargue, Dec. 31, 1887, IISG.
{43}. Tsuzuki, Eleanor Marx, 173.
{44}. MECW, Volume 48, 198.
{45}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 183.
{46}. Mayer, Friedrich Engels, 294.
{47}. Eleanor Marx Aveling to George Bernard Shaw, Dec. 16, 1887, GBS Papers. (Π¨ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π», ΡΡΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠ° Ρ ΠΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠ»Π° Π² ΠΌΠ°Π΅ 1887 Π³. ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΠ½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π¨ΠΎΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π», ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ, ΠΈ ΠΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π³ Π½Π°ΠΏΠ°Π» Π½Π° Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌ, London, British Library, GBS Papers.)
{48}. MECW, Volume 48, 184, 192.
{49}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 194.
{50}. Mayer, Friedrich Engels, 253.
{51}. MECW, Volume 48, 195, 202, 203.
{52}. Meier, Perrot, and Trebitsch (eds.), Daughters, 204, 205.
{53}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 207.
{54}. MECW, Volume 48, 208.
{55}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 207.
{56}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 211.
{57}. Olsen, Growth of Victorian London, 122; Wilson, Victorians, 521.
{58}. Will Thorne, My Lifeβs Battles, 13.
{59}. Flanders, Victorian House, 370.
{60}. Winder, Bloody Foreigners, 215.
{61}. OβNeill, Good Old Days, 46; Anne Cowen and Roger Cowen, Victorian Jews Through British Eyes, xiv-xv.
{62}. Eleanor Marx Aveling to Laura Lafargue, June 24, 1888, IISG.
{63}. Paul Adelman, The Rise of the Labour Party, 12.
{64}. Kapp, Eleanor Marx, Volume II, 260.
{65}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 510.
{66}. Eleanor Marx Aveling to Laura Lafargue, Dec. 31, 1888, IISG.
48. ΠΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ½, 1889{1}. William Stewart, J. Keir Hardie: A Biography, 38.
{2}. Adelman, Rise of the Labour Party, 10.
{3}. Clayton, Rise and Decline of Socialism, 56.
{4}. Thorne, My Lifeβs Battles, 67.
{5}. Clayton, Rise and Decline of Socialism, 62.
{6}. MECW, Volume 48, 601(n); Adelman, Rise of the Labour Party, 12, 13.
{7}. Π’ΠΎΡΠ½ ΠΈ ΠΠ°Π½Π½ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ; ΠΠ΅ΡΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π² Π»ΠΈΠ±Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅. Cole and Postgate, British Common People, 427.
{8}. William Collison, The Apostle of Free Labour, 81.
{9}. Clayton, Rise and Decline of Socialism, 55.
{10}. Cole and Postgate, British Common People, 427, 428.
{11}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 427.
{12}. Thorne, My Lifeβs Battles, 13.
{13}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 80, 81.
{14}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 81.
{15}. MECW, Volume 48, 591(n); Cole and Postgate, British Common People, 428; Thorne, My Lifeβs Battles, 80.
{16}. Thorne, My Lifeβs Battles, 86.
{17}. MECW, Volume 48, 373, 379.
{18}. Tsuzuki, Eleanor Marx, 197.
{19}. Clayton, Rise and Decline of Socialism, 59.
{20}. Cole and Postgate, British Common People, 429.
{21}. MECW, Volume 48, 373.
{22}. Cole and Postgate, British Common People, 430.
{23}. Clayton, Rise and Decline of Socialism, 64.
{24}. MECW, Volume 26, 545.
{25}. MECW, Volume 48, 377, 487 and Volume 49, 479, 480.
{26}. MECW, Volume 48, 312, 313.
{27}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 313.
{28}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 286.
{29}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 286, 287.
{30}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 316; Meier, Perrot, and Trebitsch (eds.), Daughters, 210.
{31}. Derfler, Flowering of French Socialism, 75.
{32}. FE-PL, Volume II, 285; Derfler, Flowering of French Socialism, 75.
{33}. MECW, Volume 48, 348.
{34}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 352; Derfler, Flowering of French Socialism, 74, 75.
{35}. MECW, Volume 48, 353.
{36}. Derfler, Flowering of French Socialism, 76.
{37}. MECW, Volume 48, 352.
{38}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 589(n); Derfler, Flowering of French Socialism, 77.
{39}. MECW, Volume 48, 392.
{40}. REM, 187.
{41}. MECW, Volume 48, 257, 258.
{42}. FE-PL, Volume II, 363.
{43}. MECW, Volume 48, 605(n), 607(n).
{44}. Ozment, Mighty Fortress, 222; Williamson, Bismarck and Germany, 62.
{45}. Williamson, Bismarck and Germany, 62, 63; Ozment, Mighty Fortress, 222.
{46}. Ozment, Mighty Fortress, 222, 223.
{47}. Williamson, Bismarck and Germany, 64.
{48}. MECW, Volume 48, 481.
{49}. FE-PL, Volume II, 374.
{50}. MECW, Volume 48, 493.
{51}. Peopleβs Press, London, May 10, 1890, 5.
{52}. MECW, Volume 48, 493, 494.
{53}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 409.
{54}. Peopleβs Press, London, May 10, 1890, 7.
{55}. MECW, Volume 48, 494, 495, 496.
{56}. MECW, Volume 49, 14.
{57}. MECW, Volume 48, 470.
{58}. MECW, Volume 49, 67.
{59}. MECW, Volume 48, 200.
{60}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 84.
{61}. Bernstein, My Years of Exile, 169.
{62}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 192, 196.
{63}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 197.
{64}. MECW, Volume 49, 53.
{65}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 65, 66.
{66}. MECW, Volume 49, 67; Π€ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π², Β«ΠΠ»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ Π±Π΅Π· Π±ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Β». Motherland, 972.
{67}. MECW, Volume 49, 67.
{68}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 67.
49. ΠΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ½, 1891{1}. MECW, Volume 49, 215.
{2}. Mayer, Friedrich Engels, 196.
{3}. REM, 191.
{4}. Mayer, Friedrich Engels, 196.
{5}. MECW, Volume 49, 69, 71.
{6}. Eleanor Marx Aveling to Laura Lafargue, Dec. 19, 1890, Moscow.
{7}. Tsuzuki, Eleanor Marx, 247.
{8}. MECW, Volume 49, 88.
{9}. MECW, Volume 47, 265.
{10}. MECW, Volume 48, 224, 225, 235.
{11}. MECW, Volume 49, 68, 69.
{12}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 72.
{13}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 71.
{14}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 87.
{15}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 73.
{16}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 82.
{17}. Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, 76.
{18}. Eleanor Marx Aveling to Friedrich Engels, Oct. 14, 1890, Moscow.
{19}. Eleanor Marx Aveling to Edward Aveling, Oct. 16, 1890, Moscow.
{20}. Π ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ, Π° Π²ΠΎ Π€ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π²Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π’Π°ΠΊ Π½Π°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡ, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ, Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠΎΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΎΠ½Π³Π΅, ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅. ΠΠΎ Ρ Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ³Π° Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΡ , Π³Π΄Π΅ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π±ΡΠΌ, ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΌ. Justice, London, Feb. 21, 1891, 1; MECW, Volume 49, 127.