140
Stanley L. Jaki, "Medieval Creativity in Science and Technology", Patterns or Principles and Other Essays (Bryn Mawr, Pa.: Intercollegiate Studies Institute, 1995), 80.
141
Rodney Stark, For the Glory of God (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2003), 125.
142
Paul Haffner, Creation and Scientific Creativity (Front Royal, Va.: Christendom Press, 1991), 35.
143
Ibid., 50.
144
Joseph Needham, Science and Civilization in China, vol. 1 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1954), 581; ΡΠΈΡ. no: Stark, 151.
145
Stanley L. Jaki, The Savior of Science (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2000), 77β78.
146
Stanley L. Jaki, "Myopia about Islam, with an Eye on Chesterbelloc", The Chesterton Review 28 (winter 2002): 500.
147
Richard Π‘. Dales, The Intellectual Life of Western Europe in the Middle Ages (Washington, D. C: University Press of America, 1980), 264.
148
Richard Π‘. Dales, "TheDe-AnimationoftheHeavensinthe Middle Ages", Journal of the History of ideas, X (1980): 535.
149
Π¦ΠΈΡ. ΠΏΠΎ: Haffner, 39; ΡΠΌ. ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ 42.
150
Π. Π‘. Crombie, Medieval and Early Modern Science, vol. 1 (Garden City, NT.: Doubleday, 1959), 58.
151
Haffner, 40.
152
Π¦ΠΈΡ. ΠΏΠΎ: Ernest L. Fortin, "The Bible Made Me Do It: Christianity, Science, and the Environment", in Ernest Fortin: Collected Essays, vol. 3: Human Rights, Virtue, and the Common Good: Untimely Meditations on Religion and Politics, ed. J. Brian Benes-tad (Lanham, Md.: Row-man & Littlefleld, 1996), 122. Π ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΠΠΈΡΡΠ΅ (Nietzsche, Genealogy of Morals III, 23β24) ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ² Π² ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Π΅. [Π ΡΡΡΠΊ. ΠΏΠ΅Ρ.: ΠΠΈΡΡΠ΅ Π€. ΠΠΎ ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ° ΠΈ Π·Π»Π°. Π Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ. Π.: ΠΠΠΠ-ΠΠ ΠΠ‘Π‘, 2001. Π‘. 361β362.]
153
ΠΠ± ΠΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Π΅, Π±ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΌ.: Herbert Butterfleld, The Origins of'Modern Science, 1300β1800, rev. ed. (New York: Free Press, 1957), Chapter 1: "The Historical Importance of a Theory of Impetus".
154
Π ΠΡΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΌ.: Stanley L. Jaki, "Science: Western or What? " in Patterns or Principles and Other Essays, 169β171.
155
Crombie, vol. 2, 72β73; ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΡΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ± ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΌ.: Butterfleld, 25.
156
Jaki, "Science: Western or What?" 170β171.
157
Ibid, 171.
158
Jaki, "Medieval Creativity in Science and Technology", 76.
159
Ibid., 76β77.
160
Ibid., 79.
161
Crombie, vol. 2,7 3.
162
E.J. Dijksterhuis, The Mechanization of the World Picture, trans. C. Dikshoorn (London: Oxford University Press, 1961), 106.
163
Thomas Goldstein, Dawn of Modern Science: From the Ancient Greeks to the Renaissance (New York: Da Capo Press, 1995 [1980]), 71, 74.
164
Raymond Klibansky, "The School of Chartres", in Twelfth Century Europe and the Foundations of Modem Society, eds. Marshall Clagett, Gaines Post, and Robert Reynolds (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1961), 9 β 10.
165
Π‘Ρ.: David Π‘. Lindberg, The Beginnings of Western Science (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992), 200.
166
Goldstein, 88.
167
Edward Grant, God and Reason in the Middle Ages (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001).
168
Goldstein, 82.
169
Lindberg, The Beginnings of' Western Science, 200.
170
Ibid., 201.
171
Jaki, Science and Creation, 220β221.
172
Goldstein, 77.
173
Ibid., 82.
174
Β«Π ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Β» β ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π΄ΠΎ-ΠΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π² ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Β«Π Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Β». β ΠΡΠΈΠΌ. ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π².
175
Π Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π°Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΌ. Etienne Gilson, Reason and Revelation in the Middle Ages (New York. Charles Scribner'sSons, 1938), 54β66.
176
Dales, Intellectual Life, 254.
177
ΠΠΎΡ ΠΎΠΆΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΡ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²: Π. Π‘. Crombie, Medieval and Early Modern Science, vol. 1, 64 and vol. 2, 35β36; Grant, God and Reason in the Middle Ages, 213ff., 220β221; idem, The Foundations of Modern Science in the Middle Ages: Their Religious, Institutional, and Intellectual Contexts (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), 78β83, 147β148.ΠΠΈΠ½Π΄Π±Π΅ΡΠ³ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΊΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ, Ρ ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Ρ, ΡΠΌ.: Lindberg, The Beginnings of Western Science, 238, 365.
178
Dales, "The De-Animation of the Heavens in the Middle Ages", 550.
179
Ibid., 546.
180
Ibid.
181
Richard Π‘. Dales, "A Twelfth Century Concept of the Natural Order", Viator 9 (1978), 179.
182
Ibid., 191.
183
Haffner, 41.
184
Edward Grant, "The Condemnation of 1277, God's Absolute Power, and Physical Thought in the Late Middle Ages", Viator 10 (1979): 242β244.
185
Walsh, 292β293. [Π ΡΡΡΠΊ. ΠΏΠ΅Ρ.: ΠΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ Π . ΠΠ·Π±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅. M.: ΠΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π€ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅Π², 2005. Π‘. 337.]
186
Π. Π‘. Crombie and J. D. North, "Bacon, Roger", in Dictionary of Scientific Biography, ed. Charles C. Gillispie (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1970), 378. Π Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅ΠΌ Dictionary ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π°Π±Π±ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ DSB.
187
William A. Wallace, O.P., "Albertus Magnus, Saint", DSB, 99.
188
Walsh, 297.
189
Dales, "The De-Animation of the Heavens", 540.
190
William B. Ashworth, Jr., "Catholicism and Early Modern Science", in Lindberg and Numbers, eds., God and Nature, 146.
191
Alan Cutler, The Seashell on the Mountaintop (New York: Dutton, 2003), 106.
192
Ibid., 113β114.
193
David R. Oldroyd, Thinking About the Earth: A History of Ideas in Geology (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1996), 63β67; ΡΠΌ. ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅: A. Wolf, A History of Science, Technology, and Philosophy in the 16th and 17th Centuries (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1938), 359β360.
194
Cutler, 109β112.
195
Jonathan Wright, The Jesuits; Missions, Myths and Histories (London: HarperCollins, 2004), 189.
196
J. L. Heilbron, Electricity in the 17th and 18th Centuries: A Study of Early Modern Physics (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1979), 2.
197
Ashworth, "Catholicism and Early Modern Science", 154.
198
Ibid., 155.
199
MacDonnell, 71.
200
ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠ΅Π·ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π±ΡΠ» Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π² 1773 Π³. ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ Π² 1814 Π³.
201
Agustin Udias, Searching the Heavens and the Earth: The History of Jesuit Observatories (Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003), 53.
202
Ibid., 147.
203
Ibid., 125.
204
Heilbron, 88.
205
Ibid.
206
Ibid., 88β89.
207
Ashworth, "Catholicism and Early Modern Science", 155.
208
Heilbron, 180.
209
Ibid., 87β88.
210
Bruce S. Eastwood, "Grimaldi, Francesco Maria", in DSB, 542.
211
Π ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΡΡΡΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΠΌ. Roger H. Stuewer, "A Critical Analysis of Newton 's Work on Diffraction", Isis 61 (1970), 188β205.
212
Π‘ΠΌ. ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ (ΡΠΎ ΡΡ Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ) ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΈ: A. Wolf, A History of Science, Technology, and Philosophy in the 16th and 17th Centuries (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1938), 254β256.
213
Sir Harold Hartley, Β«ForewordΒ», in Whyte, ed., Roger Joseph Boscovich, 8.
214
MacDonnell, 76.
215
Elizabeth Hill, "Roger Boscovich: A Biographical Essay", in Whyte, ed., Roger Joseph Boscovich, 34β35; Adolf MΓΌller, "Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich", Catholic Encyclopedia, 2nd ed., 1913.
216
Hill, "Roger Boscovich: A Biographical Essay", 34.
217
Zeljko Markovic, "Boskovic, Rudjer J.", DSB, 326.
218
Lancelot Law Why te, "Boscovich's Atomism", in Whyte, ed., Roger Joseph Boscovich, 102.
219
Ibid.
220
Ibid., 103β104.
221
MacDonnell, 10β11.
222
Whyte, "Boscovich's Atomism", 105.
223
Ibid., 119.
224
Π‘ΠΌ. ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΠΎΠΌ (Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π°) ibid., 121.
225
MacDonnell, 11.
226
Hill, "Roger Boscovich: A Biographical Essay", 41β42.
227
J. R. Partington, A History of Chemistry, vol. 2 (London: Macmillan, 1961), 328β333; MacDonnell, 13.
228
Cutler, 68.
229
MacDonnell, 12.
230
Erik Iverson, The Myth of Egypt and its Hieroglyphs (Copenhagen, 1961), 97β98; ΡΠΈΡ. ΠΏΠΎ: MacDonnell, 12.
231
Agustin Udias, S. J., and William Suauder, "Jesuits in Seismology", Jesuits in Science Newsletter 13 (1997); Benjamin F. Howeil, Jr., An Introduction to Seismological Research: History and Development (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990), 31β32. ΠΠ± ΠΈΠ΅Π·ΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ -ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ Π² Π‘Π¨Π ΡΠΌ. ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅: Udias, Searching the Heavens and the Earth, 103β124.
232
Udias and Suauder, "Jesuits in Seismology".
233
MacDonnell, 20, 54. [Π ΡΡΡΠΊ. ΠΏΠ΅Ρ.: ΠΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Ρ Π. Π ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°Ρ . Π.: ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°, 1982. Π‘. 150β151.]
234
Π‘ΠΌ. ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π²: Heilbron, Chapter 3, esp. 102β112.
235
J. L. Heilbron, Annual Invitation Lecture to the Scientific Instrument Society, Royal Institution, London, December 6,1995.
236
William J. Broad, "How the Church Aided 'Heretical' Astronomy", New York Times, October 19, 1999.
237
Heilbron, 112. Π₯Π΅ΠΉΠ»Π±ΡΠΎΠ½ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈΠ» ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ Β«Π±ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Β». ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ-Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ»Π»ΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Β«ΡΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈΒ».
238
Ibid
239
Ibid., 5.
240
Ibid., 3.
241
Saint John of Damascus, Three Treatises on the Divine Images, trans. Andrew Louth (Crestwood, N. Y.: St. Vladimir's Seminary Press, 2003), 69β70. [Π ΡΡΡΠΊ. ΠΏΠ΅Ρ.: ΠΠΎΠ°Π½Π½ ΠΠ°ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈΠ½. Π’ΡΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π° Π² Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π‘ΠΠ±.: ΠΠ·Π±ΡΠΊΠ°-ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°, 2001. Π‘. 63β64.]