1. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π»Π° Π‘ΠΊΠ°Π»Π° ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ» ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π»Π΅Ρ. ΠΠ½ ΡΡΠ°Π» ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΌ Π‘ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ³Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΠΌ Π² ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅.
2. ΠΠ»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΎ (ΡΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π² 1311-ΠΌ)
3. ΠΠ°Π½Π³ΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ I (ΡΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π² 1329-ΠΌ), ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΉ Π·Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΉ Π‘ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ³Π΅Ρ. ΠΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠΈΠ» Π΅ΠΌΡ Β«ΠΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΒ». ΠΠΌΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²:
β ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎ II (ΡΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π² 1351-ΠΌ), ΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ Π Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π΄Π΅Π»Π»Π° Π‘ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°, ΠΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°Π±ΠΎ ΠΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π° Π΄Π°Π»Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΡ Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΡ, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΠΈΠ»Π°Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΡΡ ΠΠ° Π‘ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°. β ΠΠ»ΡΠ±Π΅ΡΡΠΎ II (ΡΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π² 1353-ΠΌ).
ΠΠΌΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π²Π° ΡΡΠ½Π° ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎ II: ΠΠ°Π½Π³ΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ II (ΡΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π² 1359-ΠΌ) ΠΈ ΠΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎ (ΡΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π² 1375-ΠΌ), ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ.
ΠΠ»Π°ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π²Π·ΡΠ» ΠΠΆΠ°Π½ ΠΠ°Π»Π΅Π°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² 1402 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π» Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΠΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ.
ΠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Π€Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ
ΠΡΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ-Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ» Π€Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ 1434 ΠΏΠΎ 1737 Π³ΠΎΠ΄, ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π°Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ°Π½, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅ β ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΌ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ (1389β1464). ΠΠ½ ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½, ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ ΠΠΎΠ΄Π°Π³ΡΠΈΠΊ (1416β1469), Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΠ½ ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ, ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎ ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΏΠ½ΡΠΉ (1449β1492), ΡΡΡΠ°Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π³ΡΡ. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΉ ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ (1471β1503) ΠΈ ΠΠΆΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΈ (1475β1521), ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠΉ ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ X.
Π 1494 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ·Ρ, Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ³ΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΠΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ, Π²ΡΡΠ»Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Π€Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π1512 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ. Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ»Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² 1537 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠ±ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈ. ΠΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ°Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΠ²Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΠΊ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ, ΡΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½Π° Π² ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π’ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ:
ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΌΠΎ I (1519β1574), Π΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ:
Π€ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎ I (1541β1587)
Π€Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Π½Π΄ I (1549β1609), ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ: ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΌΠΎ II (1590β1621), Π€Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Π½Π΄ II (1610β1670), ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΌΠΎ III (1642β1723) ΠΈ ΠΠΆΠ°Π½ ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½ (1671β1737), ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π³Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ³ Π’ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈ.
ΠΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠ°
ΠΡΠΏΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ ΠΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠ°, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ°, β Π²ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ³Π° ΠΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠ°, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΉ Π³Π΅ΡΠ±: ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π±ΡΠΊ Π½Π° Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅, ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π²Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ²-ΠΌΡΡΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠ°Π½. ΠΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎ ΠΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠ°, Π΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏ ΠΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π±ΡΠ» ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΠ°Π½ Π² 1445 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌ III.
Π‘Π°ΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠ° (1431β1503), ΠΏΠ°ΠΏΠ° ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ VI, Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½ Π§Π΅Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ (Π¦Π΅Π·Π°ΡΡ) ΠΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠ° (1476β1507) ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ ΠΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠ° (1480β1519). Π’ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΡΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π» ΠΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎ Π΄'ΠΡΡΠ΅, Π±ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΠ·Π°Π±Π΅Π»Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΄'ΠΡΡΠ΅. ΠΠ»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΡΠ°Π»Π° Π³Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ Π€Π΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ.
Π₯Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΠΏΡ ΠΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π» ΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠΊΠ°, ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π€ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠ° (1510β1572), Π³Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ³Π° ΠΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π³Π»Π°Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈΠ΅Π·ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ². Π 1671 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ½ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½.
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