His inquiries related chiefly to scientific matters, with the later progress of which, as applied to the practical purposes of life, he was almost wholly unacquainted. No student of science myself, I replied as well as my slight information permitted; but the task was far from easy, and I was much relieved when, passing from interrogation to discussion, he began pouring forth his own conclusions upon the facts which I had been attempting to place before him. He talked, and I listened spellbound. He talked till I believe he almost forgot my presence, and only thought aloud. I had never heard anything like it then; I have never heard anything like it since. Familiar with all systems of all philosophies, subtle in analysis, bold in generalisation, he poured forth his thoughts in an uninterrupted stream, and, still leaning forward in the same moody attitude with his eyes fixed upon the fire, wandered from topic to topic, from speculation to speculation, like an inspired dreamer.
From practical science to mental philosophy (ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ; mental β ΡΠΌΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°; philosophy β ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ); from electricity in the wire to electricity in the nerve (ΠΎΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ° /Π±Π΅Π³ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ/ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π½Π΅ΡΠ²Π΅; wire β ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ°; ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄); from Watts to Mesmer (ΠΎΡ ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΠΊ ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ[4]), from Mesmer to Reichenbach (ΠΎΡ ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΊ Π Π΅ΠΉΡ Π΅Π½Π±Π°Ρ Ρ[5]), from Reichenbach to Swedenborg (ΠΎΡ Π Π΅ΠΉΡ Π΅Π½Π±Π°Ρ Π° ΠΊ Π‘Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π±ΠΎΡΠ³Ρ[6]), Spinoza, Condillac, Descartes, Berkeley, Aristotle, Plato (Π‘ΠΏΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π΅, ΠΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΊΡ,[7] ΠΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ, ΠΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΈ,[8] ΠΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Ρ, ΠΠ»Π°ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ), and the Magi and mystics of the East (ΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°; magus β ΠΌΠ°Π³, ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΄ΡΠ½, Π²ΠΎΠ»Ρ Π², ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ), were transitions which, however bewildering in their variety and scope (/ΡΠ΅/ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±Ρ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ°Ρ Ρ; to bewilder β ΡΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΡ; ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Π² Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ; scope β Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ; ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±, ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ°Ρ ; ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°), seemed easy and harmonious upon his lips as sequences in music (ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π² Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ /ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅/ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π³Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ; sequence β ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ; ΡΡΠ΄; ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ; /ΠΌΡΠ·./ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ). By-and-by β I forget now by what link of conjecture or illustration (ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ β Ρ Π·Π°Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡ, Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Π»ΠΈ Ρ /ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ-ΡΠΎ/ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ /ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ-ΡΠΎ/; link β ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ; ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅) β he passed on to that field (ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π» ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅; field β ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅; ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ) which lies beyond the boundary line of even conjectural philosophy (ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ: Β«Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉΒ» Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ; conjecture β Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Π°, Π΄ΠΎΠ³Π°Π΄ΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅; conjectural β Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ; philosophy β ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ; ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°), and reaches no man knows whither (ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² Π½Π΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ΅: Β«Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ, ΠΊΡΠ΄Π°Β»). He spoke of the soul and its aspirations (ΠΎΠ½ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΠ» ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΡΡ Π΅ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡ ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ; soul β Π΄ΡΡΠ°; Π΄ΡΡ ); of the spirit and its powers (ΠΎ Π΄ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ; spirit[9] β Π΄ΡΡ ; Π΄ΡΡ ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ; Π΄ΡΡΠ°); of second sight (ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ: Β«Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈΒ»); of prophecy (ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ : Β«ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Β»); of those phenomena which (ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°Ρ , ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅), under the names of ghosts, spectres, and supernatural appearances (ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ; ghost β ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°ΠΊ; Π΄ΡΡ ; spectre β ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°ΠΊ, ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ), have been denied by the sceptics and attested by the credulous, of all ages (Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΊΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ = ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎβ¦; to attest β ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ, Π·Π°Π²Π΅ΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΡ).
From practical science to mental philosophy; from electricity in the wire to electricity in the nerve; from Watts to Mesmer, from Mesmer to Reichenbach, from Reichenbach to Swedenborg, Spinoza, Condillac, Descartes, Berkeley, Aristotle, Plato, and the Magi and mystics of the East, were transitions which, however bewildering in their variety and scope, seemed easy and harmonious upon his lips as sequences in music. By-and-by β I forget now by what link of conjecture or illustration β he passed on to that field which lies beyond the boundary line of even conjectural philosophy, and reaches no man knows whither. He spoke of the soul and its aspirations; of the spirit and its powers; of second sight; of prophecy; of those phenomena which, under the names of ghosts, spectres, and supernatural appearances, have been denied by the sceptics and attested by the credulous, of all ages.
βThe world,β he said, βgrows hourly more and more sceptical of all that lies beyond its own narrow radius (ΠΌΠΈΡ, β ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π» ΠΎΠ½, β Π΅ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΊΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ /Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ/ ΠΊΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°; radius β ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΡ); and our men of science foster the fatal tendency (ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅: Β«Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈΒ» ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ; to foster β Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ; ΠΏΠΎΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ). They condemn as fable all that resists experiment (ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΉΠΌΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²ΡΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π» Π²ΡΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ: Β«ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΒ»; to condemn β ΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ; Π²ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ; fable β Π±Π°ΡΠ½Ρ; ΠΌΠΈΡ, Π»Π΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΄Π°; Π»ΠΎΠΆΡ, Π²ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅). They reject as false all that cannot be brought to the test of the laboratory or the dissecting-room (ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ³Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅Π»ΡΠ·Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠ³Π½ΡΡΡ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ = Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ /ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ/ Π½Π° Π°Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅; to bring β ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ; Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ; to dissect β ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅Π·Π°ΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡ; /ΠΌΠ΅Π΄./ Π°Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ, Π²ΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ). Against what superstition have they waged so long and obstinate a war, as against the belief in apparitions (ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ /ΠΆΠ΅/ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΡΠΌΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² Π²Π΅ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ)? And yet what superstition has maintained its hold upon the minds of men so long and so firmly (ΠΈ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ Ρ Π²Π°ΡΠΊΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΌΠ°Ρ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ; to maintain β ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΡ /Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ/)? Show me any fact in physics, in history, in archaeology (ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ½Π΅ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΉ /Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΉ/ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ Π² ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠ΅, Π² ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ, Π² Π°ΡΡ Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ), which is supported by testimony so wide and so various (ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ /ΠΆΠ΅/ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ: Β«ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌΒ»; to support β ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ; ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ). Attested by all races of men (ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΉ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ), in all ages (Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°; age β Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ; Π²Π΅ΠΊ; ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄, ΡΠΏΠΎΡ Π°), and in all climates (Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ ; climate β ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ; ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ), by the soberest sages of antiquity (ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΡΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ; sober β ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π²ΡΠΉ; ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ; Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ), by the rudest savage of today (ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ; rude β Π½Π΅Π²Π΅ΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ), by the Christian (Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ), the Pagan (ΡΠ·ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ), the Pantheist (ΠΏΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ), the Materialist (ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ), this phenomenon is treated as a nursery tale by the philosophers of our century (ΡΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ; to treat β ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ, ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡ; ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ; ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ; philosopher = natural philosopher). Circumstantial evidence weighs with them as a feather in the balance (ΠΊΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π° ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ°Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΡΡ /Π½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅/ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΊΠ°; circumstantial β Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²; ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ). The comparison of causes with effects (ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ), however valuable in physical science (ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π±Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ /ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡ/ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠ΅; physical science β ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ»Ρ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ: ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠ°, Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ, Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ, Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ), is put aside as worthless and unreliable (ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅; to put aside β ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ; ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ). The evidence of competent witnesses, however conclusive in a court of justice, counts for nothing (ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π±Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ΄Π΅, Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Ρ; evidence β ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, Π½Π°Π³Π»ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ; ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅; competent β ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ, ΡΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ; witness β ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ; to count β ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π±ΡΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ; ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ; ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Ρ). He who pauses before he pronounces, is condemned as a trifler (ΡΠΎΡ, ΠΊΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ; to pronounce β ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ; Π·Π°ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ; Π²ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ /ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅/; trifle β ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΡ, ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠΊ; to trifle β Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ; Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ; trifler β ΡΠΎΡ, ΠΊΡΠΎ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ). He who believes, is a dreamer or a fool (ΡΠΎΡ, ΠΊΡΠΎ Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ°ΠΊ).β
βThe world,β he said, βgrows hourly more and more sceptical of all that lies beyond its own narrow radius; and our men of science foster the fatal tendency. They condemn as fable all that resists experiment. They reject as false all that cannot be brought to the test of the laboratory or the dissecting-room. Against what superstition have they waged so long and obstinate a war, as against the belief in apparitions? And yet what superstition has maintained its hold upon the minds of men so long and so firmly? Show me any fact in physics, in history, in archaeology, which is supported by testimony so wide and so various. Attested by all races of men, in all ages, and in all climates, by the soberest sages of antiquity, by the rudest savage of today, by the Christian, the Pagan, the Pantheist, the Materialist, this phenomenon is treated as a nursery tale by the philosophers of our century. Circumstantial evidence weighs with them as a feather in the balance. The comparison of causes with effects, however valuable in physical science, is put aside as worthless and unreliable. The evidence of competent witnesses, however conclusive in a court of justice, counts for nothing. He who pauses before he pronounces, is condemned as a trifler. He who believes, is a dreamer or a fool.β
He spoke with bitterness (ΠΎΠ½ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΠ» Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ), and, having said thus, relapsed for some minutes into silence (ΠΈ, ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π² ΡΡΠΎ, Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅; to relapse β Π²ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΡ /Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅/). Presently he raised his head from his hands (Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ½ Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΈΠ»ΡΡ: Β«ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ» Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΊΒ»), and added, with an altered voice and manner (ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΠ», ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π² Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅),