Earl F. Ziemke, Β«The German Northern Thaeter of operations, 1940β1945Β», United States Department of the Army Pamphlet # 20β271 (Washington. D. C.: United States Department of the Army. 1059), pp. 300β10 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Ziemke, Β«Northern TheaterΒ»).
25
Wolf Keilich, Die Generate des Heeres (Friedberg: Potzun-Pattas Verlag, 1983), p. 159 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Keilich. Die GenerateΒ»).
26
David Irving, Hitler's War (New York: Viking Press, 1977), Volume I. p. 112 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Irving, Hitler's WarΒ»),
27
ΠΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ Π³Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ» ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. ΠΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π°ΡΠΌΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ» Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ Π±ΠΎΡ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ (ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ»ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΄Π°Ρ) ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ. ΠΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ: Π²Π΅ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠ»Π΄Π°Ρ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π°ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎ Ρ 7 Π² 1932 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π΄ΠΎ 18 Π² 1943 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π‘ΠΌ. Β«Samuel W. Mitchan, Jr., Hitler Legions (Briarcliff Manor, N. Y.: Stein and Day, 1985), pp.27β35.
28
Irvmg, Hitler's War, Volume I, p. 110.
29
Ibid., p. 177.
30
Wilhelm Deist, The Wehrmacht and German Rearmament (Buffalo, N. Y. University of Toronto Press, 1981), p. 94 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Deist, The WehrmachtΒ»).
31
Ibid., pp. 94β95.
32
John W. Wheeler-Bennet, The Nemesis of Power: The German Army in the Politics, 1918β1945 (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1967), p. 423 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Wheeler-Bennet, NemesisΒ»).
33
Peter Hoffmann, The History of the German Resistance, 1933β1945, Richard Barry, trans. (Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1977), p. 111..(Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Hoffmann, ResistanceΒ»).
34
Ulrich von Hassel, The von Hassel Diaries, 1938β1944, Hugh Gibson, ed. (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1948), p. 195 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Hassel, DiariesΒ»).
35
Richard Brett-Smith. Hitter's Generals (Bovato, Calif: Presidio Press, 1977), p. 211; Wheeler-Bennet, Nemesis, p. 560.
36
:35:
37
Wartimont, Inside Hitlere's Headquarters, p. 232.
38
Ibid., p. 404.
39
Joachim Kramarz, Stauffenberg: The Life and Death of an Officer, 15th November 1907β20 July 1940 (London: Deutsch, 1967), p. 76 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Kramarz, StauffenbergΒ»).
40
Speer, Memoirs, p. 420.
41
Joseph Goebbels, Final Entries, 1945: The Diaries of Joseph Goebbels, Richard Barry, trans. (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1978), p. 128 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Goebbels, Final EntriesΒ»).
42
Wheeler-Bennet, Nemesis, p. 680.
43
Gerhard Boldt, Hitler's Last Days, Sandra Bance, trans. (London: Arthur Barker, 1973; reprint ed., London: Sphere Books, Ltd., 1973), p. 161
44
Gerald Rcilinger. The SS: Alibi of a Nation. 1922β1945 (New York: Viking Press, 1968), p. 178 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Reitlinger, SSΒ»).
45
Ibid., p. 179.
46
Robert Lee Quinnett, Β«Hitler's Political Officers: The National Socialist Leadership OfficersΒ» (Unpublished Ph. D. Dissertation. Norman: University of Oklahoma, 1973), p. 180 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Quinnett. Β«NSLO»»).
47
Hoffmann, Resistance, pp. 487 528.Π₯Π°Π·Π΅ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ Π² ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅ ΠΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π·Π΅Π΅ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ 8 Π°Π²Π³ΡΡΡΠ° 1944 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ½ ΠΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π±Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ.
48
Quinnett, Β«NSLOΒ», p. 235.
49
ΠΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ Π Π΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΠΊΠ΅, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π² Β«Trials of the War Criminals Before The Nuremberg Military Tribunals (Washington, D. C.: United States Government Printing Office. 1950). Volumes XβXI.
50
W. Π. Hart Hitler's Generals (Garden City: N. Y, Doubleday, 1944), p. 154 Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«W. Π. HartΒ»).
51
Π‘ΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ W. Π. Hart (Ρ. 160) ΠΈ Robert Wistrich, Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΠΉΠΎΡΠ° ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ» ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π² 1918 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π‘ΠΌ. Robert Wistrich Who's who in Nazi Germany (New York: Macmillan, 1982), p. 21 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«WistrichΒ»).
52
W. E. Hart, p. 160.
53
Ibid.
54
Fabian von Schlabrendorf, Revolt against Hitler, Gero von S. Gaevernitz, ed. (London: Eyre and Spottishwoode, 1948), p. 58.
55
United States Army, Intelligence Section of the General Staff, American Expeditionary Force, Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army Which Participated in the Great War (1914β1918) (Washington, D. C.: United States Government Printing Office, 1920), p. 647 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«AEF. German DivisionsΒ»).
56
James Lucas, War on the Eastern Front. 1941β1945 (Braircliff Manor, N. Y.: Stein and Day, 1979), p. 176 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Lucas Eastern FrontΒ»).
57
Π‘ΠΌ. Lucas Eastern Front, p. 176; Paul Carell. Hitler Moves East, 1941β1943 (Boston: Little, Brown, 1965; reprint ed., New York: Bantam Books. 1966), The Russo-German War, 1941β1945 (New York: Praeger, 1970), p. 130 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Seaton, Russo-German WarΒ»); and Albert Seaton, The Battle of Moskow (Braircliff Manor, N. Y.: Stein arid Day, 1980) reprint ed.. New York: Playboy Press Paperbacks, 1981), pp. 43β45.
58
Carell, Hitler Moves East, p. 134.From north to south, Bock's forces; included 3rd Panzer Army (Hoth), 9th Army (von Kluge), 4th Panzer I Army (Hoepner), 2d Army (von Weichs). 2d Panzer Army (Guderian).
59
Ibid., p. 134β42.
60
John Shaw and the Editors of Time-Life Books, Red Army Resurgente (Alexandria, Va.: Time-Life Books, 1979), p. 35 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ; ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Shaw et at.Β»); Seaton, Russo-German War, pp. 260β61; and Earl F. Ziemke, Stalingrad to Berlin: The German Defeat in the East, Office of the Chief of Military History (Washington, D. C.: United States Government Printing Office, 1966), p. 33 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Ziemke, Stalingrad to BerlinΒ»).
61
ΠΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»-Π»Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π½Π°Π½Ρ ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ ΠΠ»ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ± 5 ΠΌΠ°Ρ, Β«Π² ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΡΠ΅ΡΡ-Π‘ΠΌΠΈΡ (Hitler's Generals, pp. 84β85) ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ½ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ» 3 ΠΌΠ°Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° 4 ΠΌΠ°Ρ. ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΡΡΠΌΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ Π½Π°Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠ° Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π» Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΌ. ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΠ»ΠΎΡ Π΅ΡΠ° Π² ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ.
62
Christopher Chant, Richard Humblr, Wiliim Fowler, and Jenny Shaw, Hitler's Generals and Their Battles (New York: Chartwell Books, 1979), p. 98.
63
Brett-Smith, Hitler's Generals, p. 53.
64
Harold C. Deutsch, The Conspirancy Against Hitler in the Twilight War (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1978), p. 210.
65
ΠΠ²Π΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π² Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π°ΡΠΌΠΈΠΉ Β«Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΒ». Π’ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ 250-Ρ Β«ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΠ±Π°ΡΒ» ΠΏΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ, Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π€ΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠΎ.
66
Dr. Mitchem.
67
James D. Carnes. Β«A Study in Courage: General Walter von Seydlitz. ΠΡposition to HitlerΒ» (Tallahassee, Fla.: Unpublished Ph. D. Dissertation, Florida State University, 1976), p. 317 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Carnes, SeydlitzΒ»).]
68
Irving Hitlers War, volume I, p. 77.
69
Knegstagebuch des Obercommando des Wehrmacht (Wehrmacht-Fuhrungstab) (Frankfurt-am-Main: Bernard and Graefe Verlag fuer Wehrwesen, 1961), January 1, 1943 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«ΠΠ’Π OKWΒ»).
70
Georg Tessin, Verbaende und truppen der Deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS in Zweit Weltkrieg 1939β1945 (Frankfurt-am-Main: Verlag E. S. Mittler und Sohn, 1976), Volume 3, pp. 5β6 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Tessin, VerbaendeΒ»), Keilich, Die Generale, p. 227.
71
ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ IV ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ 6-ΠΉ Π°ΡΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² Seaton, Russo-German War, pp. 467β86, ΠΈ Water Rehm, Jassy (Nechargem: K. Vowinckel, 1959).
72
ΠΠ’Π OKW, volume IV, p. 1455.
73
Heinz Guderian, Panzer Lieder. Constantme Fitzgibbon, trans. (New York: Ballantine Books, 1957), p. 109 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«GuderianΒ»)
74
F. W. von Mellenthine, German Generals of World War II (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1977), pp. 259β61 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Mellentine, German GeneralsΒ»).
75
William Craig, Enemy at the Gates: The Battle for Stalingrad (New York: E. P. Dutton. 1973), Ρ. 218 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Craig, EnemyΒ»)
76
Mellenthine, German Generals, p. 263: Craig, Enemy, p. 218.
77
Alan Clark, Barbarossa: The Russian-German Conflict, 1941β1945 (New York. William Morrow, 1965), p. 436.
78
KTB OKW, volume IV, p. 1454.
79
Mueller, Keitel, p. 282.
80
Ibid., p. 285.
81
Β«Friedrich PaulusΒ» in German Army Personnel Records, World War Π Records Division, National Archives, Washington, D. Π‘. (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Paulus Personnel FileΒ»).
82
Paulus Personnel File.
83
Walter Goerlitz, Paulus und Stalingrad (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1974), pp. 10β12 (Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Β«Goerlitz, StalingradΒ»).
84
Shaw et al. p. 136.
85
Craig, Enemy, p 11
86
ΠΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Π°, Π² ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ 18 Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ² 14-Π³ΠΎ, 15-Π³ΠΎ ΠΈ 16-Π³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π³Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ°, Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. Π£ Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°, ΠΈ Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π°.
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Victor von Schwelder Personnel File. Π¨Π²Π΅Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π² 1910 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π£ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»Π° Π΄ΠΎΡΡ Π ΡΡΡ, 1914 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ, 1922 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ.