Π§ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½ Π½Π° Bookidrom.ru! БСсплатныС ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅

Π§ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ½Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½ Β«ΠœΡƒΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹. О гСнСтичСской измСнчивости ΠΈ чСловСчСском Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅.Β». Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° 75

Автор Арман ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΠΈ Π›Π΅Ρ€ΡƒΠ°

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ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π½ΠΈΡ

Π›ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° ΠΏΠΎ клиничСской Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ развития ΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ½Π° ΠΈ постоянно увСличиваСтся. Π’Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ я попытался Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ сводку Ρ‚Π΅Ρ… источников, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ основныС Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… случаях, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ вопросам. Помимо этих ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅Π² самым Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ источником ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ для Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ Ρ…ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ большС ΡƒΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… гСнСтичСских Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ…, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π±Π°Π·Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΠΎΠ½-Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½ "МСндСлСвскоС наслСдованиС Ρƒ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°" ("Mendelian Inheritance in Man" – MIM), Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π’ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ Маккьюсик (Victor A. McKusick) ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· УнивСрситСта ДТонса Π₯опкинса Π² Π‘Π°Π»Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡ€Π΅ ΠΈ которая создана ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ΅ ΠΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π° биотСхнологичСской ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, БША (National Center for Biotechnology Information, USA). Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΉ содСрТатся постоянно обновляСмыС описания ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ расстройства, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, приводится ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ гСнСтичСская Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°. ВсС это ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° сайтС:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim.

Для ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² эту ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ я ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽ Π² скобках для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ синдрома ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Π² этой Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Они Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΆΠΈΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΡˆΡ€ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€: ахондроплазия (100800) вызываСтся ΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ FGFR3 (134934). Ни Π±Π°Π·Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π½ΠΈ эта ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для самодиагностики.

1

О монстрС ΠΈΠ· Π Π°Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ писали ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅. Π‘ΠΌ. Ρƒ Π›Π°Π½Π΄ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‡ΠΈ (Landucci, 1542; 1927) стр. 249-250 описаниС Π³Π»Π°Π·Π°ΠΌΠΈ соврСмСнника. Π–Π°Π½ Π‘Π΅Π°Ρ€ (Jean Ceard) обсуТдаСт ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ†ΠΈΡŽ монстра Π² ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠŸΠ°Ρ€Π΅ "О монстрах" (Pare, 1573, 1971), стр. 153-155; Никколи (Niccoli, 1990) ΠΏΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ политичСском Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ; см. Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Fischer, 1991, p. 54-56; Daston and Park, 1998, p. 177-182. Π― полагаю, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρƒ монстра Π±Ρ‹Π» синдром РобСртса (268300), Π½ΠΎ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹Π΅ (Walton et al., 1993; Martinez-Frias, 1993) ΡΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° циклопия, сирСномСлия ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ гидроцСфалия. ВсС это Π½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠ³Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹Π±Π΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚Π΅, зависит ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ всСго ΠΎΡ‚ описания монстра, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ΡΡŒ, ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· мноТСства странных Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ Π²Π°ΠΌ покаТутся Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ. β€” ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌ. Π°Π²Ρ‚.

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Π‘Π²ΠΎΠΈΠΌ описаниСм рСнСссансной Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ я обязан Π΄Π²ΡƒΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΠΌ (Park and Daston, 1981; Daston and Park, 1998), хотя, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, моя интСрпрСтация Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π»ΠΈΠ±Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°. Π‘ΠΌ. Ρƒ Π‘ΠΎΡΡΡ‚ΡŽΠΎ (Boaistuau, 1560, 2000) воспроизвСдСниС ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ прСкрасного тСратологичСского манускрипта Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, Ρƒ ΠœΠ΅Π»Π°Π½Ρ…Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π›ΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° (Melanchton and Luther, 1523, 1823) описаниС ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ…Π°-ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ°, Ρƒ ΠŸΠ°Ρ€Π΅ (Pare, 1573, 1971, p. 3-4) список ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½, Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… уродства. Взгляды ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹Ρ… XIX Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π½Π° влияниС матСринских Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π° приводятся Π² Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ…: Gould and Pyle, 1897, Bondeson, 1997, p. 144-169. О Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ… XVII Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ° см. Ρƒ ΠΠ»ΡŒΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π΄ΠΈ (Aldrovandi, 1642). β€” ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌ. Π°Π²Ρ‚.

3

 ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π›ΠΈΡ†Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈ (Liceti) "О происхоТдСнии, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈ разновидностях ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²" Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² 1616 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ, Π½ΠΎ я Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π» со Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ (1634), ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ содСрТаниС ΠΈ французский ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ см. Houssay, 1937. Π‘ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΅ описаниС ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π›ΠΈΡ†Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈ см. Bates, 2001. β€” ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌ. Π°Π²Ρ‚.