In the late 1990s, investors deified corporate chief executives. In the early 2000sβ¦β¦..were vilified. And now, it seems, they are pretty much ignored β seldom appearing on financial television programs or news magazine covers anymore unless theyβre in handcuffs. They are the forgotten souls of Wall Streetβsβ¦β¦β¦ machine.
But that doesnβt mean that the overpaid andβ¦β¦β¦.. executives arenβt making as many badβ¦β¦β¦ as ever. It simply means that weβve gotten complacent about the hardships they cause shareholders when theyβ¦β¦.. bad strategies, bad communications, bad hiring, bad products and bad marketing β and then blame their problems on the weather, world politics or traders.
AT&Tβs David Dorman. Letβs start with David W. Dorman of AT&T. Though he inherited a junkyard dog of a company from theβ¦β¦β¦. prior chief executive, C. Michael Armstrong, he hasnβt done a thing to improve Ma Bell in the past two years. With such an immensely well-knownβ¦β¦ name and legendaryβ¦β¦β¦, you would think that Dorman could make his company synonymous with the global growth of networking as a way of life.
Yet he appears to be pushing the company ever deeper into the backgroundβ¦β¦its wireless business in an expensive deal with Sprint, losing theβ¦β¦. on broadband services to the more aggressive Baby Bells, making its long-distance plans more ridiculously complex than ever, experimenting with a high-quality-but-high-cost enterprise strategy, and pursuing Internet-based telephony too slowly and timidly.
Since Dorman has taken the reins, theβ¦β¦ of AT&Tβ¦β¦. have sunk about 60%. The stockβs 5.8% dividend is a nice start of aβ¦β¦β¦ but Dorman needs to find a way to grow the businessβ¦β¦. have been down every year since 2000, and earnings-growthβ¦β¦. are negative.
Oracleβs Larry Ellison. No major technology companyβs chief executive has put hisβ¦β¦β¦ through more pain than Larry Ellison at Oracle in the past four years. Oracle shares are down 72% from the March 2000 high, about twice as much as Dell and about half again as much as Microsoft. And while most of Ellisonβsβ¦β¦β¦. have found a way to make shares grow over the past 12 months, Oracle is still stuck in a rut.
Part of the problem at Oracle is that the company did so well for so long at getting its databases into Fortune 500 companies that there is little room for major businessβ¦β¦β¦ With so few majorβ¦β¦β¦. left in the world, it will be difficult for Oracle to grow much faster than the global economy. But Ellisonβs personality is another major part of the problem. His combativeβ¦β¦β¦.. to business with partners and competitors alike has turned off investors. His attempt atβ¦β¦β¦. of PeopleSoft has justified their distrust of his instincts.
Mark Anderson, hedge fund manager, complains that Ellison Β«is so predatory β itβs as though he cannot control himself.Β» Anderson says that Ellison would growβ¦β¦β¦β¦ more appropriately if he were more creative than rapacious. The PeopleSoftβ¦β¦β¦., in Andersonβs view, is aβ¦β¦.. to Β«buy seatsΒ» for Oracle database software by purchasing and shutting down aβ¦β¦β¦. It will probablyβ¦β¦, and, in the meantime, it has been a costly distraction.
Ellison would do much better by his shareholders if he wouldβ¦β¦. an initiative to build communications more effectively into the world of database applications. The chief executive understood the power of the Internet early and rode the onlineβ¦β¦.. brilliantly in the late 1990s. But since then he was unable to find aβ¦β¦. for his company in a broaderβ¦β¦.. play that will carry it into the next decade.
With thatβ¦β¦., he has doomed his company toβ¦β¦. revenue growth and a stagnantβ¦β¦. Database software, after all, is a business that will never go away and gets deeply embedded in clientsβ way of doing business. Once you have customers, Β«you pretty much need to shoot both their dogs before theyβll leave you,Β» is Andersonβs colorful phrase. But Wall Street demands more thanβ¦β¦. With moderating sales, heβs got to do more than try to smother theβ¦β¦.. andβ¦β¦..
Source: www.msn.com
Terms:
boom, failure, acquisition, counterparts, stability, communications, execs, bid, CEOs, approach, strategic decisions, pursue, drive, overrated, brand, outsourcing, price wars, value, rebound, trends, shareholder, growth, installation, shareholder value, deal, competitor, single-digit, stock price, competition, cut costs, profits, performance, revamped, R&D team, shares, revenues, fail, market niche, underachieving
Exercise 5. Translate into English.
Π¦Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°: ΠΠ»Π°Π½ ΠΠΎΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Ρ
ΠΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (corporate governance).
ΠΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Ρ ΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π±Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ BP, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Shell ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π» ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π³Π°Π·Π°, ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄, Π½Π΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠΌ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ-Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π° Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π»Π΅Ρ. Π’Π΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Shell ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ.
Π Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠΎΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π°, ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π½Π° 10 Π»Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π° Β«Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΡ ΡΡΠΊΡΒ» ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π΅ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΊ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠ±Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡ ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ.
Π ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ. Π΄. Π‘ΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π² Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Ρ, Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠΎ, ΡΠΊΡΠΊΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠΎΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠΌΠ°Π³ΠΈ.
ΠΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ. Π ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΠΠΠ, Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ IPO, ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ (ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ), ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° (Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠΎΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² (non-core assets) ΠΈ Ρ. Π΄.) ΠΈ ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°Ρ , ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π΅. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΡΠ³Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ.
Β«ΠΠ°Π·ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΒ» Π°ΠΏΠ΅Π»Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΊ (Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠΎ-ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π°) ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π±Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. Β«ΠΡΠΊΠΎΠΉΠ»ΡΒ», Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ, Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ (ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π° Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ), ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, Π° Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ (ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ).
ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ Β«ΠΠΎΡΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΒ». ΠΠΊΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π½ Π½Π° Π³Π°Π·, Π±ΠΎβ¬Π»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊ Π»ΠΈΠ±Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ»ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ.
Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ β ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π³Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ: ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ, Π° ΡΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π²Π·Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΡΠ°ΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ°, Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ.
ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ: Π‘Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΠΉ Π‘ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ², Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΠ°Π·ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ±Π°Π½ΠΊΠ°, Β«ΠΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΒ», 07.12.05 (ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ)
Lesson 7
Marketing Mix
Read and translate the text and learn terms from the Essential Vocabulary.
Four Ps of Marketing
What is Marketing?
What is the difference between marketing and selling? My old VP of Marketing buddy said it well: Β«Selling is getting rid of something youβve got. Marketing is having something you can get rid of.Β» A successful marketing oriented company is not product driven. Its success comes because of its focus on customers and their needs and wants.
The Selling Process
A selling orientation is one, through which a company emphasizes its products with the main aim of maximizing sales.
The Marketing Process
A marketing orientation begins by examining the needs of the prospective users of a product. Even the details of the product design are driven by paying particular attention to the needs and wishes of the customer. Profits will result from having satisfied customers.
Selling vs. Marketing Processes:
Planning vs. Forecasting?
In a business plan, companies will generally make a Β«forecastΒ» of sales revenue on a month-by-month basis for the next few years. How can a company say that in May of next year it will generate sales of $2.3 million from Product A? Is this a guess?
If a company says it Β«plansΒ» to achieve sales of $2.3 million, it is implied that there are specific activities that have been defined that will lead to this target. To this end, the distribution channels for the product must be defined. Pricing assumptions have to be tested and adjusted. Advertising budgets and schedules must be worked out. Most importantly, the resources required to achieve the desired sales level must be calculated. How many salespersons will be needed? What level of technical support is necessary?
The 4 Ps of Marketing or the Marketing Β«MixΒ»
The 4 Ps of marketing are Product, Price, Place, and Promotion. The 4 Ps are your marketing Β«mixΒ». You control the 4Ps. They are your Β«independentΒ» variables. The dependent variable is sales volume. This is the output that you get by defining the inputs β i.e. the 4 Ps. How do you choose this mix? That is the challenge! These variables are all interdependent. The task is to set these variables in such a way so that sales will take place. You cannot Β«makeΒ» a customer pull out her credit card, but you can certainly help her in coming to a decision by setting the Β«rightΒ» price, the retail outlet, the level of advertising and even product attributes such as color or perceived quality. You control everything but the customer herself.