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_ βOrigins and the Formative Period.β In H. H. Ben-Sasson, A History of the Jewish People, pp. 3-87. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1976.
May, Herbert, ed. Oxford Bible Atlas, 3rd ed. New York: Oxford, 1981.
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McCarthy, D. J. Old Testament Covenant. Richmond: John Knox, 1972.
_ Treaty and Covenant. Rome: Pontifical Biblical Institute, 1963.
McEvenue, Sean. The Narrative Style of the Priestly Writer. Rome: Pontifical Biblical Institute, 1971.
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_ Studies in Levitical Terminology, I. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1970.
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Nelson, Richard. The Double Redaction of the Deuteronomistic History. JSOT Supplement Series. Sheffield, 1981.
Nicholson, E.W. Deuteronomy and Tradition. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1967.
_ Preaching to the Exiles. Oxford: Blackwell, 1970.
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_ The History of Israel. New York: Harper and Row, 1960. German edition, 1958.
_ The Laws in the Pentateuch. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd, 1966.
_ Leviticus. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1965.
_ Numbers. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1968.
_ The Old Testament World. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1966. German edition, 1964.
_ Uberlieferungsgeschichtliche Studien. Tubingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag, 1957. Original edition, 1943. Pp. 1-110 in English translation as The Deuteronomistic History. JSOT Supplement Series. Sheffield, 1981.
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_ The Problem of the Hexateuch. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1966.
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_, The Book of Deuteronomy, The Interpreters Bible, 11:311β537. New York: Abingdon, 1953.
_, and Fuller, R. H. The Book of the Acts of God. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1957.
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_ The Old Testament Against Its Environment. London: SCM, 1950.
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ΠΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ°
ΠΠΎΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ° ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ², Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ½Π΄Π°. Π― Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΈΠΌ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ.
Π§Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π» Π² ΠΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π» Π² ΠΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π― Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ Π·Π° Π»ΡΠ±Π΅Π·Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ½Π΅ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΡΡ Π‘Π°Π»Π»ΠΈ ΠΡΠΊΠ»ΠΈ.
Π― ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡ (Π‘Π°Π½-ΠΠΈΠ΅Π³ΠΎ) Π·Π° Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ.
ΠΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π±Ρ Π² ΠΠ°ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅, Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ°Π²Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠΈΠ½ΡΠ²ΡΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΊ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ, Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡΠΈ ΠΠΆ. ΠΡΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠ° Π Π°ΠΉΡΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊ Π€ΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΡ ΠΡΡΡ ΠΡΠΎΡΡΡ, Π’ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΠΠ°ΠΌΠ±Π΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ, Π£ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΌΡ ΠΠΎΡΠ°Π½Ρ, Π’ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΠ»ΡΠ΄Ρ Π―ΠΊΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΠΎΠ»Ρ Π₯ΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΡΠΎΡΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΌΠΎΠΈΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ½ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠ½Π΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π» ΠΌΠ½Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΡΡ Π·Π° Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ.
Π― Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π°ΡΡ Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΠ²ΠΈΠ³Π°Π΄Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΠΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π² ΠΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ Π·Π° Π»ΡΠ±Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»Π»Ρ ΠΠ°ΡΡΡ Π° Π±Π΅Π½ ΠΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Ρ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ» Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Ρ.
ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΄Π°Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΎΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π€ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ½ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π» Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ (Β«Ρ Π΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Β») ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ» ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ. Π― ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ.
ΠΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠ°ΡΡΡ Ρ Π₯Π°Π»ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ½Π° ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π΅. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ. ΠΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π²Π·Π³Π»ΡΠ΄, ΡΠ΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ Π·Π΄Π΅ΡΡ, ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ½ΡΠ» Ρ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π΅ΡΠ΅.
Π£ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΌ ΠΡΠΎΠΏΠΏ, ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Π³Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡ, β ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Π³Π°. ΠΡΠΎ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΉ, ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ, Π΄ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π΄. Π― ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ Π΅ΠΌΡ Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Ρ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅.
ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Ρ ΠΠΆΠΎΠ°Π½ ΠΠ»Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ½ Π ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»Π° ΠΌΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π±Π°Π΄ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΈΠΌ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ.
ΠΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π°Π·Π°Π΄ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ», ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ, ΠΠ»Π΅Π½ ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ½, Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π° Π² ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Ρ ΠΈ Π² Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ²Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Π²ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.
ΠΡΡΡΡ Π‘ΡΠΌΡΡΠ»ΡΠΎΠ½, ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Β«Π₯Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ ΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΒ», β ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΡ Π² ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ°. Π§ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡ Π²Π°Π»Π°. Π― ΡΠ²Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π° ΠΈ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΡ.
Π ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΄ ΠΠ»Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ Π€ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΌΠ°Π½, Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±ΡΠ΅ 1986 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°
ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ
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"Some Recent Non-Arguments Concerning the Documentary Hypothesis," in Michael Fox et al., eds., Texts, Temples, and Traditions, Menahem Haran Festschrift (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1996), 87 β 101
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ΠΠΈΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π² ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° Π . Π€ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΎΠΌ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΊ ΠΈΡ Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π·Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ , ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΆΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π² ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ (Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, Π‘Π°ΠΌΡΠΈΠ», ΠΠΎΡΠΈΡ). β ΠΡΠΈΠΌ. ΠΏΠ΅Ρ.
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