Π§ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½ Π½Π° Bookidrom.ru! БСсплатныС ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅

Π§ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ½Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½ Β«ΠšΡ€Π°ΡΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Π»Π°Π³: история ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°Β». Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° 213

Автор Дэвид ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΡΡ‚Π»Π°Π½Π΄

293

Π‘ΠΌ. R. Bellamy and D. Schecter, Gramsci and the Italian State (Manchester, 1993), p. 24.

294

E. Weitz, Creating German Communism, 1890-1990: From Popular Protests to Socialist State (Princeton, 1997), pp. 179-80.

295

W. Preston, Aliens and Dissenters. Federal Suppression of Radicals, 1903-1933 (Cambridge, Mass., 1963), pp. 118-50.

296

B. Brecht, β€œThe Decision”, in Collected Plays, trans, and ed. John Willett (London, 1997), vol. III, pp. 61-91.

297

R. Fischer, Stalin and German Communism: a Study in the Origins of the State Party (Cambridge, Mass., 1948), p. 615.

298

M. Molnar, From Bela Кип to Janos Kdddr. Seventy Years of Hungarian Communism, trans. A. J. Pomerans (New York, 1990), pp. 20-1.

299

Π’. И. Π›Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ½. Π˜Π·Π±Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ произвСдСния. М., 1977. Π’. 3-Π‘. 293.

300

Riddell, Workers of the World, vol. I, pp. 299-300.

301

Π‘ΠΌ. Bartolini, Political Mobilization, pp. 107, 112-13.

302

Π¦ΠΈΡ‚. ΠΏΠΎ F. Claudin, The Communist Movement. From Comintern to Cominform (Harmondsworth, 1975), p. 63.

303

О Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠœΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Ρ‹ см. Π›. Π‘Π°Π±ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΎ, ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½ ΠΈ события Π² Π“Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² 1923 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ. НовыС Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ // Новая ΠΈ новСйшая история. 1994, β„– 2, с. 125-157.

304

J. Degras (ed.), The Communist International, 1919-1943. Documents, Vol. (London, 1971), p. 154.

305

И. Π‘Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈΠ½. БочинСния. М., 1946-1951, Ρ‚. X, с. 51.

306

Π›ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° ΠΏΠΎ этому вопросу Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°. МнСния, основанныС Π½Π° Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… источниках, Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ контроля, см. А. Π’Π°Ρ‚Π»ΠΈΠ½. ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½: ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π»Π΅Ρ‚. Π˜ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ. М., 1993; ΠΎ большСм влиянии мСстной ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠœΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Ρ‹, см. A. Thorpe, The British Communist Party and Moscow between the Wars (Manchester, 2000). ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ историографичСский ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€ΠΊ см. Π² Labour History Review 61 (2003).

307

Π‘ΠΌ. ΠΎΠ± этом Π² К.-М. Mallmann, Kommunisten in der Weimarer Republik. Sozialgeschichte einer revolutionaren Bewegwuj (Darmstadt, 1996).

308

О финансовой ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ΅ см. H. Klehr, J. Haynes and F. Firsov (eds.), The Secret World of American Communism (New Haven, 1995), pp. 23-5; K. McDermott, β€œThe View from the Centre”, in T. Rees and A. Thorpe (eds.), International Communism and the Communist International, 1919-1943 (Manchester, 1998), p. 33. По Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ подсчСтам, ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ партия Π’Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»Π° Π³Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ Π² 55 ΠΎΠΎΠΎΒ£ (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 1 ΠΌΠ»Π½. Ρ„ΡƒΠ½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² пСрСсчСтС Π½Π° 1995 Π³ΠΎΠ΄), см. F. Becket, Enemy Within, The Rise and Fall of the British Communist Party (London, 1995), P-12.

309

О Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ СвропСйскиС коммунисты ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Π‘Π‘Π‘Π , см. McDermott and Agnew, The Comintern, pp. 24-5.

310

Π‘ΠΌ. ΠΎΠ± этом R. von Mayenburg, Hotel Lux (Munich, 1978).

311

V. Dedijer, Tito (New York, 1972), p. 98.

312

B. Lazitch, β€œLes Ecoles de Cadres du Comintern”, in J. Freymond, Contributions a Vhistorie du Comintern (Geneva, 1965), pp. 237-41, 246-51; Weitz, Creating German Communism, pp. 234-5. See also L. Babischenko, β€œDie Kaderschulung der Komintern”, in H. Weber (ed.), Jahrbuchfiir historische Kommunismusforschung (Berlin, 1993).

313

Π¦ΠΈΡ‚. ΠΏΠΎ J. Mcllroy, A. Campbell, B. McLoughlinand J. Halstead, β€œForging the Faithful. The British at the International Lenin School”, Labour History Review 68 (2003), p. 110. Π‘ΠΌ. Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ B. Babischenko. β€œDie Kaderschulung der Komintern”.

314

W. Leonhard, Child of the Revolution, trans. Б. М. Woodhousc (London, 1979), p. 185.

315

Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, Π΅Π΅. 194-5.

316

Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅.

317

Mcllroy et al., β€œForging the Faithful”, pp. 112-16.

318

McDermott and Agnew, The Comintern, pp. 73-4.

319

A. Thorpe, β€œComintern Β«ControlΒ» of the Communist Party of Great Britain, 1920-43”, English Historical Review 113 (1998), p. 652.

320

Π’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ Creating German Communism Π’Π΅ΠΉΡ† Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΎ сильнСйшСм влиянии Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π . Π›ΡŽΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡƒΡ€Π³. О пуританствС Π² Π’Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ см. К. Morgan, G. Cohen and A. Flinn, Communists and British Society 1920-1991 (London, 2003), pp. 123-9.

321

Вам ТС, с. 235.

322

A. Kriegel, The French Communists: Profile of a People, trans. E. Halperin (Chicago, 1972), p. 107.

323

Об этом явлСнии см.: S. Macintyre, LittleMoscows.Communism and Working-Class Militancy in Inter-War Britain (London, 1980). E. Rosenhaft, β€œCommunists and Communities: Britain and Germany between the Wars”, Historical Journal 26 (1983), pp. 221-36. О ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ см. A. Howkins, Β«Class against ClassΒ». The Political Culture of the Communist Party of Great Britain, 1930-1935, in F. Gloversmith (ed.), Class, Culture and Social Change. A New View of the 1930s (Brighton, 1980).

324

Π”ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ‹ ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ… Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ…, 1925 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚. ΠΏΠΎ Morgan et al., Communists and British Society, p. 63.

325

S. Berger, Social Democracy and the Working Class in Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Germany (Harlow, 2000), pp. 104-5; K. Schonhoven, Reformismus und Radikalismus. Gespaltene Ar-beiterbewegung im Weimarer Sozialstaat (Munich, 1989).

326

Weitz, Creating German Communism, pp. 270-1.

327

E. Weitz, Popular Communism: Political Strategies and Social Histories in the Formation of the German, French, and Italian Communist Parties, 1919-1948 (Ithaca, 1992), p. 11.

328

Об этом см. Weitz, Creating German Communism, ch. 6.

329

Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, с. 249. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, согласно ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡƒ взгляды коммунистов ΠΈ нацистов Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ, см. Π² Π‘ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΠΏ Fischer, The German Communists and the Rise of Nazism (New York, 1991).

330

E. Rosenhaft, β€œWorking-Class Life and Working-Class Politics: Communists, Nazis and the State in the Battle for the Streets, Berlin, 1928-1932”, in R. Bessel and E. Feuchtwanger (eds.), Social Change and Political Development in Weimar Germany (London, 1981); E. Rosenhaft, Beating the Fascists? The German Communists and Political Violence (Cambridge, 1983).

331

β€œAmerica’s Β«NewΒ» Civilization”, New York Times, 13 мая 1928 Π³.

332

D. Aldcroft, From Versailles to Wall Street, 1919-1929 (London, 1977), p. 263.

333

Β«ΠžΠΊΡ‚ΡΠ±Ρ€ΡŒΒ» (1928), Ρ€Π΅ΠΆ. Π‘. Π­ΠΉΠ·Π΅Π½ΡˆΡ‚Π΅ΠΉΠ½.

334

S. Eisenstein, β€œPerspectives”, 1929, in Film Essays, ed. Jay Leyda (London, 1968), p. 44. Рус. тСкст Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚. ΠΏΠΎ Π‘. Π­ΠΉΠ·Π΅Π½ΡˆΡ‚Π΅ΠΉΠ½. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹. М., 1929.

335

Π¦ΠΈΡ‚. ΠΏΠΎ Y. Barna, Eisenstein (London, 1973). Π . 119.

336

R. Bergman, Sergei Eisenstein. A Life in Conflict (London, 1997), p. 131.

337

D. Bordwell, The Cinema of Eisenstein (Cambridge, Mass., 1993), pp. 79β€”96.

338

A. Rieber, β€œStalin as Georgian”, in S. Davies and J. Harris (eds.), Stalin. A New History (Cambridge, 2005), pp. 25β€”6. О грузинских Π»Π΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ… ΠΎ ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅Π΅ см. D. M. Lang and G. M. Meredith. Owens, β€œAmiran-Darejaniani: A Georgian Romance and its English Rendering”, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 22 (1959), pp. 463β€”4.

339

R. Suny, β€œStalin and the Making of the Soviet Union”, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹, ch. 1, p. 16. Π‘Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ€ΡŽ Π ΠΎΠ½Π° Бьюни Π·Π° Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ любСзно ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π» ΠΌΠ½Π΅ Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡŒ.

340

И. Π‘Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈΠ½. БочинСния. М., 1946β€”1951Β» Ρ‚. 13, сс. 113β€”114.

341

П. ΠœΠ°Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°Π΄Π·Π΅, Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚. ΠΏΠΎ S. Jones, Socialism in Georgian Colours. The European Road to Social Democracy, 1883β€”1917 (Cambridge, Mass., 2005), p. 51.

342

Jones, Socialism, pp. 22β€”8.

343

Suny, β€œStalin”, pp. 11β€”13.

344

R. Tucker, Stalin as Revolutionary, 1879β€”1929: a Study in History and Personality (London, 1974), pp. 80β€”1

345

Об этом см. Suny, β€œStalin”, pp. 22β€”3.

346

Jones, Socialism, ch. 2.

347

M. Kun, Stalin. An Unknown Portrait (New York, 2003), pp. 31β€”2.

348

A. Rieber, β€œStalin, Man of the Borderlands”, American Historical Review 106 (2001), pp. 1674β€”6.

349

E. Van Ree, β€œStalin’s Bolshevism: the First Decade”, International Review of Social History, 39 (1994), pp. 361β€”81.

350

R. Service, Stalin. A Biography (London, 2004), p. 112.

351

Π‘ΠΌ., Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, R. Pipes (ed.), The Unknown Lenin. From the Secret Archive (New Haven, 1998). МнСниС ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π›Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ½ Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΊΠ²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ±Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΎΠΌ, см. Π² М. Lewin, Political Undercurrents in Soviet Economic Debates (London, 1975), pp. 46β€”7, 96.

352

Об Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ для Π›Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π° см. A. Walicki, Marxism and the Leap to the Kingdom of Freedom (Stanford, 1995), P. 300.

353

О Π‘Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ см. Π•. Van Ree, The Political Thought of Joseph Stalin. A Study in Twentieth Century Revolutionary Patriotism (London, 2002).

354

И. Π‘Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈΠ½. БочинСния, Ρ‚. 1, сс. 64β€”67.

355

Π’Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅, Ρ‚. 5, с. 11.

356

О гСополитичСских взглядах Π‘Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° см. Rieber, β€œStalin”, pp. 165β€”191. Π‘ΠΌ. Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π‘Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈΠ½, БочинСния, Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ 4, сс. 286β€”287.

357

Service, Stalin, p. 167.

358