Π¦ΠΈΡΡΡ β ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠ°Π±Π±Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π±ΡΠΊΠ²Ρ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°.
ΠΠ²ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ β ΠΌΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, Π² Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π³ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π΄ΡΡ Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΡΠΏΠ°Π΅Ρ Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ, ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Β«Π―Β».
ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (Verfremdungseffekt) β Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΡΡΠΎ-ΡΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠΌ.
1 Π’ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ Π°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ β ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ, Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ (Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ). β ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ. ΡΠ΅Π΄.
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ΠΠ± Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ΅
ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΠ°Π½Π½ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π» Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°Π±Π±Π°Π»Ρ, Ρ Π°ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΌΠ°Π³ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ·ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅, ΠΎΠ½, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π³Π²ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ Π² ΠΠ»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉΡΠ΅, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠ½ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ Β«ΠΠ°Π³ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½Π°. ΠΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π³ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΈΒ».
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1
1 Dukes, Ramsey. S. S. O. T. B. M. E. Revised: An Essay of Magic. London: The Mouse That Spins, 2002 (third revised edition).
2
ΠΠΆ. Π‘. Π₯Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ ΠΈ Π . Π. ΠΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ± ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΉΡΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Β«ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Β» (Hafele, J. C., Keating, R. E. Around-the-World Atomic Clocks: Predicted Relativistic Time Gains, Science 177 (1972), 166β177).
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ΠΠΎΠ³Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡ: Β«ΠΠ»Ρ Π±Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ!Β» ΠΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΌΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ. Π’Π°ΠΊ, ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½Π°. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½Ρ. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, Ρ Π½Π°Ρ Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ Π² ΡΡΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ. β ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ. Π°Π²Ρ.